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Integral Limits and Generalized Functions

    The or impulse ``function'' is not, strictly speaking, a function at all, but is a generalized function. A generalized function is defined in terms of the class of all equivalent regular sequences of particularily well-behaved functions. A particularily well-behaved function is bounded by as for any large N as . A regular sequence of well-behaved functions have the property that

exists for any well-behaved function . Strictly speaking, this definition precludes simple sequences such as as goes to 0 (which is often used to develop the function) since is not well-behaved. However, so long as the derivative is not required, this approach is useful. For further information see Bracewell [].

It is important to note that a generalized function is not defined in terms of the limit of a single sequence of functions but of a class of equivalent functions. For example, the function may be (loosely) defined in terms of the limit of as goes to 0 or equivalently in terms of the limit of as goes to 0.

Note that whenever a generalized function appears in an integral, the integral should be interpreted as the limit of the integral, i.e.,

should be interpreted as

where is the sequence defining . Hence, the Fourier transform is a limit for the case of a generalized function.

   A particular property of the generalized function is the so-called ``sifting'' or ``sampling'' property, i.e.,

Note that whenever a generalized function appears in an integral the integral should be intepreted as a limit; hence, this equation should be understood to be,

where is the defining class of the regular sequence of well-behaved functions.

  Using these relatively obscure concepts invented to permit mathematicans work with the generalized functions (the in particular) so useful in engineering, we can easily compute the derivative of the function (the doublett, denoted ) and its integral (the unit step function ). We can also determine that is even () and that

Using the sifting property of the function is can be easily seen that . Based on the symmetry property of the Fourier Transform, it follows that ( definition) or (f definition).



next up previous contents index
Next: Fourier Transform of Up: Existence of the Previous: The Fourier Transform



David Long
Sat Jan 4 14:45:02 MST 1997